Network cable
Network cable (also known as network cable, data cable) is a physical medium for transmitting data signals in a computer network. It realizes wired connection between devices through materials such as copper core or optical fiber. It is the basic component for building local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs) and various data transmission systems. It has a wide range of uses, covering homes, businesses, data centers
product parameters
Transmission Rate (Bandwidth) Definition: The amount of data that can be transmitted per unit time, in units of Mbps (megabits/second) or Gbps (gigabits/second).
Category 5 line (Cat5): Up to 100Mbps (only 100Mbps supported). Super Category 5 line (Cat5e): Up to 1000Mbps (1Gbps), is the mainstream choice for households and small and medium-sized businesses. Category 6 line (Cat6): Up to 10Gbps (55 meters for short distances), 1Gbps supported above 55 meters. Super Category 6 line (Cat6a): Up to 10Gbps (100 meters supported), to meet the needs of 10 Gigabit LAN. Category 7 cable (Cat7) and above: supports 10Gbps (100 meters), 25Gbps (50 meters), and even 40Gbps (30 meters), suitable for data centers. Frequency definition: The frequency range in which the network cable can effectively transmit signals, in MHz (megahertz). The higher the frequency, the greater the potential of the rate that can be carried.
Super Category 5 line: 100MHz (optimized crosstalk control) Category 6 line: 250MHz
Super Category 6 line: 500MHz
Category 7 line: 600MHz
Crosstalk (Crosstalk) Definition: Signal interference between adjacent line pairs (caused by electromagnetic induction), is a key indicator affecting the stability of transmission.: NEXT (near-end crosstalk): The interference of the sending end to the receiving end, the larger the value, the better (unit dB, such as Super Category 5 line NEXT30dB@100MHz). FEXT (far-end crosstalk): The interference of the end signal to the near end, Super Category 6 and above lines reduce FEXT through the shielding layer. Importance: Excessive crosstalk will lead to data transmission errors, which need to be optimized by twisted pair (the denser the distance, the stronger the anti-crosstalk). Attenuation (Attenuation) Definition: The intensity loss in the process of signal transmission, in dB (dB). The smaller the value, the better (low loss). Influencing factors: length (the longer the attenuation, the greater), frequency (high-frequency signal attenuation is more obvious), material (pure copper is better than copper-clad aluminum). Standard requirements: If the sixth type of wire is at 250MHz, the attenuation of 100 meters is 21.6dB. Impedance (Impedance) Definition: The blocking effect of the network cable on the AC signal, in Ohm (Ohm). Standard value: The impedance of the vast majority of network cables is 100 Ω 20%. Impedance mismatch will cause signal reflection, affect the transmission distance and stability (such as poor contact of the joint may cause abnormal impedance). Return Loss (Return Loss) Definition: The strength of the reflected signal due to impedance mismatch in signal transmission, in dB, the larger the value, the better (the smaller the reflection). Requirements: Super Class 6 line return loss 12dB@500MHz, Class 7 line 10dB@600MHz. 7. Physical characteristic parameters (affecting durability and environmental adaptation) Conductor material Pure copper (oxygen-free copper): The best conductivity, low attenuation, suitable for long-distance transmission (recommended for home/business use). Copper clad aluminum (CCA): low cost, poor conductivity, large attenuation, only suitable for short-distance temporary wiring (not recommended for long-term use). Copper clad silver: between pure copper and copper clad aluminum, cost-effective medium. Wire diameter (conductor diameter) Unit: AWG (US wire gauge). The smaller the value, the thicker the wire diameter (e.g. 24AWG is thicker than 26AWG). Common specifications: Super Category 5/Category 6 wires are mostly 24AWG (diameter 0.511mm). The thicker the wire diameter, the better the tensile resistance and conductivity. It is suitable for buried walls or outdoor wiring. Shielding type (Shielding) Unshielded (UTP): No metal shielding layer, low cost and good flexibility (e.g. Super Category 5, Category 6 UTP, suitable for home environment). Single Shielding (FTP): The whole package is shielded with a layer of aluminum foil, and the anti-interference ability is medium (suitable for mild interference scenarios such as offices). Double Shielding (SFTP): Wire pair shielded separately + overall shielded, extremely strong anti-interference (such as Category 7 wire, suitable for industrial environment, strong electromagnetic interference area). Sheath material PVC (polyvinyl chloride): used in ordinary environment, flame retardancy is general (not suitable for high temperature/outdoor). LSZH (low smoke and halogen-free): low smoke during combustion, no toxic gas, suitable for closed spaces such as computer room and subway. PE (polyethylene): strong weather resistance, suitable for outdoor wiring (anti-ultraviolet, waterproof
