1. Fiber core: The core that transmits optical signals, usually made of quartz glass, is divided into single mode (core diameter 9 μm) and multi-mode (core diameter 50 μm or 62.5 μm).
2, cladding: The outer glass surrounding the core, the refractive index is lower than the core, and the optical signal is transmitted in the core by the principle of total reflection, and the diameter is generally 125 μm.
3, coating: The polymer material (such as acrylate) that wraps the cladding, protects the fiber from mechanical damage and environmental erosion, and the diameter is usually 250 μm.
4, reinforcing parts: such as Kevlar aramid yarn, enhance the tensile strength of the jumper, and prevent the fiber from being damaged by stretching.
5, sheath: outer protective cover, the material is mostly PVC or LSZH (low smoke halogen-free), various colors (such as yellow single mode, orange/gray multi-mode), the diameter is common 2mm or 3mm.
6, connector: interface parts at both ends, used to connect with equipment, common types are SC, LC, FC, ST, etc.
7, single mode fiber jumper, core diameter 9μm, long transmission distance (up to 10km or more), the color is usually yellow, the working wavelength is mostly 1310nm, 1550nm.
8, multimode fiber jumper core diameter of 50μm (OM3/OM4) or 62.5μm (OM1), short transmission distance (within a few hundred meters), low bandwidth, suitable for short-distance connections (such as data center internal), color is mostly orange (OM1/OM3) or aqua blue (OM4), the working wavelength is 850nm, 1300nm.
9, connector type: SC/UPC, LC/APC, FC/UPC, etc. (format is "interface type + end face type").
10, insertion loss: the loss of optical signal through the connector, high-quality jumper generally 0.3dB (UPC) or 0.35dB (APC).
11, length: common 0.5m, 1m, 2m, 3m, 5m, etc., can be customized longer specifications (such as 10m, 20m).
